Question 1

What is Jelmyto?

Accepted Answer

Jelmyto is a formulation of mitomycin, which belongs to a class of medications known as alkylating agents. It functions by disrupting the DNA within cancer cells, preventing them from multiplying and spreading.

This medication is a reverse thermal gel, meaning it is a liquid when cold and becomes a semi-solid gel at body temperature. This property is designed to allow the chemotherapy to remain in contact with the affected area for an extended period.

Question 2

What is Jelmyto used for?

Accepted Answer

Jelmyto is used to treat upper tract urothelial cancer .

Question 3

How does Jelmyto work?

Accepted Answer

Mechanism of Action

Jelmyto contains mitomycin, a type of chemotherapy known as an alkylating agent. It works by binding to the DNA inside cancer cells, a process called cross-linking. This damage prevents the cancer cells from copying their genetic material, which stops them from dividing and growing. Eventually, these damaged cells die off.

Reverse-Thermal Gel Technology

This medication uses a unique delivery system called reverse-thermal gel technology. This technology changes the physical state of the medicine based on temperature:

Liquid state: The medication is a liquid when it is chilled, which allows a healthcare provider to instill it into the upper urinary tract through a catheter.

Gel state: Once the medication reaches body temperature inside the kidney or ureter, it turns into a semi-solid gel.

Prolonged exposure: The gel formulation allows the mitomycin to stay in contact with the lining of the urinary tract for a longer period than a standard liquid would. As urine flows through the area, the gel slowly dissolves and is eventually washed out of the body.

Question 4

What are the active ingredients in Jelmyto?

Accepted Answer

The active ingredient in Jelmyto is mitomycin .

Question 5

What are the side effects of Jelmyto?

Accepted Answer

Common side effects of Jelmyto may include:

Urinary tract infection

Hematuria

Dysuria

Always consult with a healthcare professional about potential side effects.

Question 6

What drug class is Jelmyto?

Accepted Answer

Jelmyto belongs to the antineoplastic antibiotic drug class.

Question 7

What is the dosage of Jelmyto and how do I take it?

Accepted Answer

How Jelmyto is Administered

Jelmyto is not a medication you take yourself. It is administered by a healthcare professional, such as a urologist, in a clinical setting. The medication is a chilled gel that is instilled directly into the pyelocalyceal system (the part of the kidney that collects urine) using a catheter or a nephrostomy tube.

Treatment Schedule

The medication is typically administered once a week for an initial series of treatments. If the treatment is successful, your doctor may recommend continuing the medication once a month for a longer period to help prevent the cancer from returning.

Preparation and Aftercare

Your healthcare provider will give you specific instructions to follow before and after each treatment:

Urine Alkalinization: You may be required to take an oral medication, such as sodium bicarbonate, starting the day before your procedure to help manage the acidity of your urine.

Fluid Intake: You may be instructed to limit your fluid intake for a period of time before the procedure.

Post-Procedure: After the gel is instilled, you will be asked to avoid urinating for a specific amount of time to allow the medication to remain in contact with the urinary tract.

Missed Doses

If you miss an appointment for a Jelmyto treatment, contact your doctor as soon as possible to reschedule. It is important to follow the treatment schedule as closely as possible to ensure the medication is effective.

Question 8

Is Jelmyto safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Pregnancy and Contraception

Jelmyto can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant person. It is important to inform a healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant before starting this treatment. Healthcare providers typically confirm pregnancy status with a test before beginning Jelmyto therapy.

Due to the risk of birth defects or pregnancy loss, the following contraception guidelines are recommended:

Females: Use effective birth control during treatment and for at least 6 months after the final dose.

Males: If you have a female partner who can become pregnant, use effective birth control during treatment and for at least 3 months after the final dose.

Breastfeeding

It is currently unknown if the medication in Jelmyto passes into human breast milk or how it might affect a nursing infant. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed child, it is recommended that individuals do not breastfeed during treatment and for at least one week after the last dose.

Fertility

Based on findings from animal studies, Jelmyto may have an impact on fertility in both males and females. If you have concerns about future fertility, discuss these with your healthcare provider before starting treatment.

Question 9

What forms and strengths does Jelmyto come in?

Accepted Answer

Jelmyto is supplied as a kit for pyelocalyceal use. The kit contains two components that must be mixed before administration:

A vial of mitomycin powder.

A vial of sterile hydrogel.

Once prepared, the medication is a chilled gel. This formulation is liquid when cold and becomes a semi-solid gel at body temperature. It is administered by a healthcare provider through a ureteral catheter or a nephrostomy tube.

Question 10

What is the FDA approval status of Jelmyto?

Accepted Answer

FDA Approval History

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Jelmyto (mitomycin) for pyelocalyceal use on April 15, 2020. This approval marked the first time a drug was specifically authorized to treat low-grade upper tract urothelial cancer (LG-UTUC).

Approved Indications

Jelmyto is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with low-grade upper tract urothelial cancer. It is a formulation of mitomycin, an alkylating drug, delivered as a gel that is administered directly into the urinary tract by a healthcare professional.

Regulatory Background

The FDA granted Jelmyto several designations during its development to expedite the review process, including:

Fast Track designation

Orphan Drug designation

Breakthrough Therapy designation

Priority Review

The approval was based on results from the OLYMPUS clinical trial, which evaluated the drug's effectiveness in achieving a complete response in patients with LG-UTUC. Because it was approved under the priority review pathway, the FDA determined that the drug had the potential to provide a significant improvement in the safety or effectiveness of the treatment of a serious condition.

Question 11

What should I know about Jelmyto and cost?

Accepted Answer

Administration and Billing

Jelmyto is a specialized medication administered by a healthcare professional in a clinical or hospital setting. Because it is not a drug that patients fill at a retail pharmacy, the total cost is typically billed through a medical benefit rather than a standard prescription drug plan. The overall expense usually includes:

The cost of the mitomycin gel itself.

Professional fees for the healthcare provider performing the administration.

Facility fees for the hospital or outpatient center where the procedure takes place.

Insurance Coverage

Most health insurance plans, including Medicare, may provide coverage for Jelmyto when it is used for its FDA-approved indication. However, the specific out-of-pocket costs, such as deductibles, coinsurance, or copayments, will vary significantly based on the individual's insurance policy and the setting of care. Patients are encouraged to contact their insurance provider to confirm coverage details and any prior authorization requirements before beginning treatment.

Jelmyto

📋Overview

What It's Used For

How It Works

Side Effects

Warnings & Precautions

Dosage & How to Take

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Forms & Strengths

FDA / Regulatory Status

Price Information

FAQ

📚References

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